Hydrocarbons are organic compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms. Petroleum and natural gas are the major sources of aliphatic hydrocarbon while coal is an important source of aromatic hydrocarbons. Briefly identify the important distinctions between a saturated hydrocarbon and an unsaturated hydrocarbon. The physical properties of alkenes are much like those of the alkanes. Hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon fuels gas, liquid, and solid are one of the earths most important energy resources. Properties of aromatic compounds introduction to chemistry. Hydrocarbons the term hydrocarbon is selfexplanatory which means compounds of carbon and hydrogen only. Explain the process of fractional distillation separating molecules according to their boiling points. The important fuels like petrol, kerosene, coal gas, cng, lpg etc. The cracking of 1 molecule of the hydrocarbon is found to produce 4 molecules of butene, 2 molecules of propene, and 1 molecule of a different compound x. Describe the properties of hydrocarbons flashcards quizlet. Hydrocarbons are found in natural places and petroleum. This quizworksheet combo will help assess your understanding of the characteristics of.
Hydrocarbons worksheet answers hydrocarbons worksheet. Compare the chemistry of gasoline, ethanol, and ethanolblended fuels. Pdf organic chemistry made easy for senior secondary schools. Main idea alkanes are hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds. Introduction to alkanes, branched alkanes pdf videos. This resource material will help and challenge learners to learn the reactions, properties, uses, production, fractions and tests for hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons such as coal, oil and gas are used every day to provide us with energy. Naming and drawing alkynes and cyclic hydrocarbons for each write the correct iupac name. When hydrocarbons are burned, oxygen from the air will combine with each of the elements in the hydrocarbon thats combustion.
Hydrocarbon boiling points chemists often gather data regarding physical and chemical properties of substances. Characteristics of ethanol and hydrocarbon fuels module objective upon the completion of this module, participants should be able to describe the chemical and physical differences between gasoline, ethanol and ethanolblended fuels. Make sure you know how to do line diagrams, condensed formulas and structural formulas. Alkenes have physical properties low boiling points, insoluble in water quite similar to those of their corresponding alkanes. Briefly identify the important distinctions between an alkene and an alkane. This provides the basis for naming substituted hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons 365 unit after studying this unit, you will be able to.
You will need to consider concepts like properties and characteristics. This file contains the worksheets for all eight chapters of basic che. Here is the access download page of hydrocarbons worksheet answers pdf, click this link to download or read online. Collectively, they are called unsaturated hydrocarbons, which are defined as hydrocarbons having one or more multiple double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.
A hydrocarbon with at least one double bond between the carbon element number 6, with four attachment points. Chemical and physical characteristics of ethanol and hydrocarbon fuels activity 2. Please purchase this product only if you know how to. Saturated vs unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds chemical properties of alkanes alkyl groups are derived from alkanes part 2.
For example, the gas used in gas stoves and bunsen burners can be either propane c 3 h 8 or butane c 4 h 10. Due to this connected network of latex\pi latex bonds, the rings are planar, unlike the boat or table structures typical of cycloalkanes. Straightchain hydrocarbon classification and namingalkanes. The two different classes and their properties, uses and sources. Realworld reading link if you have ridden in a car or a bus, you have used. Chemical and physical characteristics of ethanol and hydrocarbon fuels terminal objective upon the successful completion of this module, participants will be able to describe the chemical and physical differences between pure gasoline and gasolineethanol blends.
In this aliphatic worksheet, students are given eight hydrocarbon molecules. Chemical and physical characteristics of ethanol and. Dec 05, 2014 hydrocarbon is a compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon only refining crude oil fractional distillation. The carbon will combine with oxygen from the air to form. Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen. Mixed crude oils have varying amounts of each type of hydrocarbon. These worksheets focus on naming and drawing organic hydrocarbons belonging to the alkane, alkene and alkyne families.
Characteristics of crude oil the hydrocarbons in crude oil can generally be divided into four categories. Nonpolar due to covalent nature of cc bond and ch bond. Hydrocarbon is a compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon only refining crude oil fractional distillation. In this unit, you will learn more about hydrocarbons. Combustion of hydrocarbons all hydrocarbons burn cleanly to form water and carbon dioxide in the presence of sufficient oxygen. They are also used as the starting materials for manufacture of many dyes and drugs. The respective properties will be discussed for particular hydrocarbon products in the subsequent chapters where, as necessary, other properties. Properties of hydrocarbon derivatives pdf student copy. There are four parts to the name of a branched hydrocarbon 1. Hydrocarbons physical properties and their relevance to.
The physical properties of alkenes and alkynes are generally similar to those of alkanes or cycloalkanes with equal numbers of carbon atoms. For example, we can take the burning of the hydrocarbon methane which is the main constituent of natural gas. This quiz and worksheet will assess your understanding of aliphatic hydrocarbons. Alkynes are hydrocarbons with carbontocarbon triple bonds and properties much like those of alkenes.
Explain the physical properties of hydrocarbons, such as boiling points, melting points and. Speight phd, dsc, in handbook of industrial hydrocarbon processes, 2011. The fractions condense at different heights the temperature of column decreases upwards the separation depends on boiling point. Unsaturated hydrocarbons have one or more double or triple bonds between carbon atoms. This short video covers the history of hydrocarbons and organic compounds, discusses the structures and properties of alkanes, isomers, and concludes with an explanation of naming alkanes based on their structure. It may also contain small amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur compounds. Hydrocarbon, any of a class of organic chemical compounds composed only of the elements carbon c and hydrogen h. You will learn more about these different types of hydrocarbons later in this chapter. Inthis worksheet, students will look at how we get energy from hydrocarbons and the issues using these fuels creates.
Hydrocarbon mixtures are produced in refineries by distillation from natural gas petroleum and natural gas as well as by thermal cracking of higher boiling. Naming hydrocarbons name name the compounds below according to the iupac naming system 1. The shorter the paraffins are, the lighter the crude is. Reading check explain the origin of the terms saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Lpg is the abbreviated form of liquified petroleum gas whereas cng stands for compressed natural gas. This is a fully resourced lesson for the aqa specification c7 organic chemistry. Hydrocarbons examples, answers, activities, experiment, videos.
Hydrocarbons are the principal constituents of petroleum and natural gas. Write in the appropriate definition for each in the. A heavy hydrocarbon used for paving streets and roads. Main idea alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain at least one double bond, and alkynes are hydrocarbons that contain at least one triple bond. Physical properties of alkanes comparison of boiling points for alkanes and alcohols compound b. Get hydrocarbons worksheet answers pdf file for free from our online library pdf file. Name m, e, p, b structure of hydrocarbons draw the structure of the compounds below. Because natural gas is less dense than air, it rises. Physicochemical properties aromatic hydrocarbons, like all hydrocarbons, are composed of carboncarbon and carbonhydrogen bonds. Natural gas is composed chiefly of methane, which has a density of about 0. Tells how many carbons are in the longest continuous chain. These atoms are of relatively low and similar electronegativity 2.
Aromatic compounds derive their names from the fact that many of these compounds in the early days of discovery were grouped because they were oils with fragrant odors. These can be thought of as taking a hydrogens place somewhere on the hydrocarbon skeleton. Paraffins are the desired content in crude and what are used to make fuels. A hydrocarbon molecule has the molecular formula c h 3 0 6 2 and can be converted into a mixture of many smaller hydrocarbon molecules via cracking reactions. Exploring unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds chemical properties of alkenes bromination reactions chemical properties of alkynes chemical properties of benzene part 3. Table \ \pageindex 1\ indicates that the first four members of the alkane series are gases at ordinary temperatures. Naming hydrocarbons worksheet and key write the name of each of the hydrocarbon molecules shown below. You must be familiar with the terms lpg and cng used as fuels.
Hydrocarbons worksheet answers draw the following hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbon is a molecule made from hydrogen and carbon atoms. They draw a diagram of each and indicate if they are saturated or unsaturated. Physical properties of hydrocarbons chemistry libretexts. Larger molecules condense at the bottom where it is hottest. It is aimed at a middle ability group but could easily be adapted for a higher or lower group. Download in free pdf hydrocarbons are composed of carbon and hydrogen. Aromatic compounds are cyclic structures in which each ring atom is a participant in a latex\pi latex bond, resulting in delocalized latex\pi latex electron density on both sides of the ring. They determine if they are alkanes, alkenes or alkynes. Lab due finding the percentage yield of a double displacement reaction. Hydrocarbons are the basic building blocks of organic compounds, but many organic compounds contain oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, or halogens. Functional groups additional practice by friday, dec.
It may also be used as a paint thinner, as a solvent in some types. The standard measurement of the density of petroleum products. The quiz worksheet combo is useful in checking your understanding of properties and extraction of gas, carbon and coal. Thus, you can well understand the importance of hydrocarbons in your daily life. Handbook of hydrocarbons presents tables giving the most important physical properties of all hydrocarbons whose boiling points have been recorded, in such form that all compounds boiling at or near a given value are listed together and a specific hydrocarbon can be promptly located. A hydrocarbon with only single bonds between the carbon atoms.
Stoddard solvent is a petroleum distillate widely used as a dry cleaning solvent and as a general cleaner and degreaser. Naming hydrocarbons please complete the following table. These patterns often trigger attempts to explain the regularities. The carbon atoms join together to form the framework of the compound, and the hydrogen atoms attach to them in many different configurations. The term hydrocarbon is self explanatory which means compounds of carbon and. Hydrocarbons examples, answers, activities, experiment. Each of these worksheets is available separately, or here as a bundle. Structural isomers have the same physical properties. A hydrocarbon that has at least one double or triple bond between carbon atoms is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. C c bond enrgy 83 kjmole and ch bond energy 99 kjmole. These worksheets are meant to be used in a high school chemistry class, within the organic chemistry unit. Please purchase this product only if you know how to use it. Alkynes have higher boiling points than alkanes or alkenes, because the electric field of an alkyne, with its increased number of weakly held.
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